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1Departments of Neurobiology and Psychology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095; and 2Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York City, New York 10003
Submitted 11 November 2002; accepted in final form 11 February 2003
The temporal development of neural selectivity to physical attributes of a visual stimulus, such as its orientation and spatial frequency, can provide important clues about mechanisms of cortical tuning. We measured the dynamics of orientation tuning in macaque primary visual cortex (V1) and found several dynamical features in the data: changes in global enhancement and suppression, narrowing of orientation bandwidth, small but significant shifts in preferred orientation, and "Mexican-hat" tuning curves. The dynamics data were analyzed with a model that sums two fixed, tuned components (enhancement and suppression) and one global (untuned) component. The analysis suggests that there is early global enhancement followed by global and tuned suppression. Tuned suppression accounts for the dynamical reduction of orientation bandwidth and for the generation of Mexican-hat tuning profiles. Our findings imply that global and tuned suppression are important factors that determine the selectivity and dynamics of V1 responses to orientation.
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