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GABAergic Regulation of REM Sleep in Reticularis Pontis Oralis and Caudalis in Rats

¹ Sleep Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia; ² Laboratory for Study of the Brain in Sleep, Department of Animal Biology, The University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; ³ The School of Veterinary Medicine and Deparment of Psychiatry, The University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; ⁴ The School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Submitted 31 October 2002; accepted in final form 28 March 2003

The nucleus reticularis pontis oralis (RPO) and nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (RPC) are implicated in the generation of rapid eye movement sleep (REM). Work in cats has indicated that GABA in RPO plays a role in the regulation of REM. We assessed REM after local microinjections into RPO and RPC of the -aminobutyric acid-A (GABA_A) agonist, muscimol (MUS), and the GABA_A antagonist, bicuculline (BIC). Rats (90-day-old male Sprague-Dawley) were implanted with electrodes for recording electroencephalographs (EEG) and electromyographs (EMG). Guide cannulae were aimed into RPO (n = 9) and RPC (n = 8) for microinjecting MUS (200, 1,000.0 µM) and BIC (0.056, 0.333, 1.0, 1,000.0, and 10,000.0 µM). Animals received bilateral microinjections of saline, MUS, and BIC (0.2 µl microinjected at 0.1 µl/min) into each region followed by 6-h sleep recordings. In RPO, MUS (1,000.0 µM) suppressed REM and BIC (1,000.0 µM) enhanced REM. In RPC, MUS (200, 1,000.0 µM) suppressed REM, but BIC (1,000.0 µM and less) did not significantly affect REM. Higher concentrations of BIC (10,000.0 µM) injected into RPO (n = 9) and RPC (n = 4) produced wakefulness and escape behavior. The results indicate that GABA in RPO/RPC is involved in the regulation of REM and suggest site-specific differences in this regulation.

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