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J Neurophysiol 90: 2060-2064, 2003. First published May 7, 2003; doi:10.1152/jn.00158.2003
0022-3077/03 $5.00
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Salt-Evoked Lingual Surface Potential in Humans

George M. Feldman1,2,3, András Mogyorósi1,3, Gerard L. Heck2, John A. DeSimone2, Cecily R. Santos2, Rebecca A. Clary2 and Vijay Lyall2

1 Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, 23249 2 Department of Physiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, 23249 3 Medical Service, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia 23249

Submitted 20 February 2003; accepted in final form 7 May 2003

Salt sensing in animals involves the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC). If ENaC were involved in human salt sensing, then the lingual surface potential (LSP) would hyperpolarize when exposed to sodium. We developed a chamber to measure the LSP while different solutions superfused the surface of the tongue and a technique to adjust for the junction potentials induced by varying salt concentrations. Changing the superfusion solution from rinse solution (30 mM KCl) to 300 mM NaCl (+30 mM KCl) caused the LSP to hyperpolarize by 10.1 ± 0.7 mV (n = 13, P < 0.001). With repeated challenge the LSP response was reproducible. Increasing the Na concentration from 100 to 600 mM increased hyperpolarization by 35 ± 4.8% (n = 9, P < 0.001). To examine whether amiloride affects the LSP, 0.1 mM amiloride was added to 300 mM NaCl; it reduced the hyperpolarization by 18.5 ± 4.3% (P < 0.005, n = 11). However, the amiloride effect was not uniform: in six volunteers, amiloride inhibited the LSP by as much as 42%, while in five subjects, amiloride inhibited <5% of the LSP. In an amiloride sensitive volunteer, amiloride exerted 50% of its effect at 1 µM. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the LSP can be measured in humans, that Na hyperpolarizes the LSP, that increasing the Na concentration increases LSP hyperpolarization, and that amiloride inhibits the Na evoked LSP in some humans. While ENaC is involved in sensing salt, its role appears to vary among individuals.

Address for reprint requests: G. M. Feldman, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Blvd., Richmond, VA 23249 (E-mail: george.feldman{at}med.va.gov).




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