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Calcium Signaling Mediated by P2Y Receptors in Mouse Taste Cells

Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia

Submitted 31 March 2003; accepted in final form 16 July 2003

Evidence implicates a number of neuroactive substances and their receptors in mediating complex cell-to-cell communications in the taste bud. Recently, we found that ATP, a ubiquitous neurotransmitter/neuromodulator, mobilizes intracellular Ca²⁺ in taste cells by activating P2Y receptors. Here, P2Y receptor-cellular response coupling was characterized in detail using single cell ratio photometry and the inhibitory analysis. The sequence of underlying events was shown to include ATP-dependent activation of PLC, IP₃ production, and IP₃ receptor-mediated Ca²⁺ release followed by Ca²⁺ influx. Data obtained favor SOC channels rather than receptor-operated channels as a pathway for Ca²⁺ influx that accompanies Ca²⁺ release. Intracellular Ca²⁺ mobilized by ATP is apparently extruded by the plasma membrane Ca²⁺-ATPase, while a contribution of the Na⁺/Ca²⁺ exchange and other mechanisms of Ca²⁺ clearance is negligible. Cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation is likely to control a gain of the phosphoinositide cascade involved in ATP transduction. ATP-responsive taste cells are abundant in circumvallate, foliate, and fungiform papillae. Taken together, our observations point to a putative role for ATP as a neurotransmitter operative in the taste bud.

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