HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 93/2/801    most recent 00662.2004v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (25) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Diedrichsen, J. Articles by Ivry, R. B. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Diedrichsen, J. Articles by Ivry, R. B.

Cerebellar Involvement in Anticipating the Consequences of Self-Produced Actions During Bimanual Movements

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and ²Departments of Psychology and ³Integrative Biology and ⁴Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California

Submitted 30 June 2004; accepted in final form 1 September 2004

Anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) during bimanual actions can be observed when participants hold an object in one hand and then lift it with the other hand. The postural force used to hold the object is reduced in anticipation of unloading, indicating an accurate prediction of the change in load. We examined patients with unilateral or bilateral cerebellar damage as well as two individuals lacking the corpus callosum on the bimanual unloading task. The acallosal patients showed an intact APA, suggesting subcortical integration of motor signals for anticipatory adjustments during bimanual actions. Contrary to the hypothesis that the cerebellum is critical for predicting and compensating for the consequences of our actions, we found that the well-learned APA in this task was largely intact in cerebellar patients. However, cerebellar damage abolished short-term adaptation of the APA, and the patients were unable to acquire an APA in a similar but previously untrained situation. These results indicate that while over-learned anticipatory adjustments are preserved after cerebellar lesions, adaptation of this response and the acquisition of a novel coordination requires the cerebellum ipsilateral to the postural hand. Furthermore, this structure appears to be essential for the accurate timing of previously learned behaviors. The patients with cerebellar damage showed poorly timed adjustments with the APA beginning earlier than in healthy participants.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				R. M.C. Spencer, U. Karmarkar, and R. B. Ivry Evaluating dedicated and intrinsic models of temporal encoding by varying context Phil Trans R Soc B, July 12, 2009; 364(1525): 1853 - 1863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Ghajar and R. B. Ivry The Predictive Brain State: Asynchrony in Disorders of Attention? Neuroscientist, June 1, 2009; 15(3): 232 - 242. [Abstract] [PDF]

				K. S. Heffernan, J. J. Sosnoff, E. Ofori, S. Y. Jae, T. Baynard, S. R. Collier, S. Goulopoulou, A. Figueroa, J. A. Woods, K. H. Pitetti, et al. Complexity of force output during static exercise in individuals with Down syndrome J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2009; 106(4): 1227 - 1233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Rabe, B. Brandauer, Y. Li, E. R. Gizewski, D. Timmann, and J. Hermsdorfer Size-Weight Illusion, Anticipation, and Adaptation of Fingertip Forces in Patients With Cerebellar Degeneration J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2009; 101(2): 569 - 579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Diedrichsen, T. Verstynen, A. Hon, Y. Zhang, and R. B. Ivry Illusions of Force Perception: The Role of Sensori-Motor Predictions, Visual Information, and Motor Errors J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2007; 97(5): 3305 - 3313. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Tunik, P. J. Schmitt, and S. T. Grafton BOLD Coherence Reveals Segregated Functional Neural Interactions When Adapting to Distinct Torque Perturbations J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2007; 97(3): 2107 - 2120. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. A. Ahmed and J. A. Ashton-Miller On Use of a Nominal Internal Model to Detect a Loss of Balance in a Maximal Forward Reach J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2007; 97(3): 2439 - 2447. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Diedrichsen, Y. Hashambhoy, T. Rane, and R. Shadmehr Neural Correlates of Reach Errors J. Neurosci., October 26, 2005; 25(43): 9919 - 9931. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]