| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1Institute of Human Science and Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; and 2Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
Submitted 6 January 2005; accepted in final form 1 May 2005
The primate caudate nucleus plays a crucial role in transforming cognitive/motivational information into eye movement signals. A subset of caudate projection neurons fire before a visual target's onset. This anticipatory activity is sensitive to position-reward contingencies and correlates with saccade latency, which is shorter toward a rewarded position. We recorded single-unit activity of caudate projection neurons to examine the dynamics of change in anticipatory activity immediately after switches of the position-reward contingency. Two monkeys performed a visually guided saccade task where only one position was associated with reward. The position-reward mapping remained constant within a block, but was reversed frequently between blocks without any indication to the monkey. Therefore the switch could be detected only by unexpected reward delivery or unexpected lack of reward. After the switch, both saccade latency and anticipatory activity showed reliable changes already in the second trial, whether or not the first trial was rewarded. However, anticipatory activity in the second trial was generally higher if the first trial was rewarded, and the measured saccade latencies could be better explained by the difference in anticipatory activity between the two caudate nuclei. We suggest that anticipatory activity of caudate neurons reflects the reversal set of reward-position contingency.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. M. Cham, A. J. Anderson, and L. A. Abel Task-Induced Stress and Motivation Decrease Foveation-Period Durations in Infantile Nystagmus Syndrome Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., July 1, 2008; 49(7): 2977 - 2984. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Nakamura, M. Matsumoto, and O. Hikosaka Reward-Dependent Modulation of Neuronal Activity in the Primate Dorsal Raphe Nucleus J. Neurosci., May 14, 2008; 28(20): 5331 - 5343. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Lau and P. W. Glimcher Action and Outcome Encoding in the Primate Caudate Nucleus J. Neurosci., December 26, 2007; 27(52): 14502 - 14514. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Super and V. A. F. Lamme Strength of Figure-Ground Activity in Monkey Primary Visual Cortex Predicts Saccadic Reaction Time in a Delayed Detection Task Cereb Cortex, June 1, 2007; 17(6): 1468 - 1475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. HIKOSAKA Basal Ganglia Mechanisms of Reward-Oriented Eye Movement Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., May 1, 2007; 1104(1): 229 - 249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. J. Kargo, B. Szatmary, and D. A. Nitz Adaptation of Prefrontal Cortical Firing Patterns and Their Fidelity to Changes in Action-Reward Contingencies J. Neurosci., March 28, 2007; 27(13): 3548 - 3559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Nakamura and O. Hikosaka Facilitation of Saccadic Eye Movements by Postsaccadic Electrical Stimulation in the Primate Caudate J. Neurosci., December 13, 2006; 26(50): 12885 - 12895. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Nakamura and O. Hikosaka Role of dopamine in the primate caudate nucleus in reward modulation of saccades. J. Neurosci., May 17, 2006; 26(20): 5360 - 5369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Hikosaka, K. Nakamura, and H. Nakahara Basal Ganglia Orient Eyes to Reward J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2006; 95(2): 567 - 584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
