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Motor Deficits in Homozygous and Heterozygous P/Q-Type Calcium Channel Mutants

Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California

Submitted 27 March 2006; accepted in final form 21 September 2006

P/Q-type voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels (VDCCs) are highly expressed in the cerebellum, and mutations of these channels are associated with disrupted motor function. Several allelic variants of the 1A pore-forming subunit of P/Q-type VDCCs have been described, and mice homozygous for these mutations exhibit gait ataxia, as do 1A knockout mice. Here we report that heterozygous 1A mutants also have a motor phenotype. Mice heterozygous for the leaner and 1A knockout mutations exhibit impaired motor learning in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), suggesting that subtle disruption of P/Q Ca²⁺ currents is sufficient to disrupt motor function. Basal VOR and optokinetic reflex performance were normal in the heterozygotes but severely impaired in the leaner and 1A knockout homozygotes.

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