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1 INMED, INSERM U29, Marseille, France
2 Neurology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA
3 INMED, INSERM U29, Marseille, France; Neurology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: roustem.khazipov{at}dartmouth.edu.
A depolarized resting membrane potential has long been considered to be a universal feature of immature neurons. Despite the physiological importance, the underlying mechanisms of this developmental phenomenon are poorly understood. Using perforated patch, whole-cell, and cell-attached recordings we measured the membrane potential in CA3 pyramidal cells in hippocampal slices from postnatal rats. With gramicidin perforated patch recordings, membrane potential was -44±4 mV at postnatal days P0-P2 and it progressively shifted to -67±2mV at P13-15. A similar developmental change of the membrane potential has been also observed with conventional whole-cell recordings. However, the value of the membrane potential deduced from the reversal potential of NMDA channels in cell-attached recordings did not change with age and was -77±2 mV at P2 and -77±2 mV at P13-14. The membrane potential measured using whole-cell recordings correlated with seal and input resistance, being most depolarized in neurons with high, several gigaohms, input resistance and low seal resistance. Simulations revealed that depolarized values of the membrane potential in whole-cell and perforated-patch recordings could be explained by a shunt through the seal contact between the pipette and membrane. Thus, the membrane potential of CA3 pyramidal cells appears to be strongly negative at birth and does not change during postnatal development.
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