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J Neurophysiol (May 12, 2004). doi:10.1152/jn.00273.2004
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Submitted on March 19, 2004
Accepted on May 7, 2004

Acid-sensitive two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels in mouse taste buds

Trevor A. Richter1, Gennady A. Dvoryanchikov1, Nirupa Chaudhari2, and Stephen D. Roper2*

1 Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
2 Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; Neuroscience Program, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: roper{at}miami.edu.

Sour (acid) taste is postulated to result from intracellular acidification that modulates one or more acid-sensitive ion channels in taste receptor cells. The identity of such channel(s) remains uncertain. Potassium channels, by regulating the excitability of taste cells, are candidates for acid transducers. Several two-pore domain potassium leak conductance channels (K2P family) are sensitive to intracellular acidification. We examined for their expression in mouse vallate and foliate taste buds using RT-PCR, and detected TWIK-1 and -2, TREK-1 and -2 and TASK-1. Of these, TWIK-1 and TASK-1 were preferentially expressed in taste cells relative to surrounding nonsensory epithelium. The related TRESK channel was not detected, whereas the acid-insensitive TASK-2 was. Using confocal imaging with pH-, Ca2+-, and voltage-sensitive dyes, we tested pharmacological agents that are diagnostic for these channels. Riluzole (500 µM), selective for TREK-1 and -2 channels, enhanced acid taste responses. In contrast, halothane (<=~17 mM), which acts on TREK-1 and TASK-1 channels, blocked acid taste responses. Agents diagnostic for other 2-pore domain and voltage-gated potassium channels (anandamide, 10 µM; Gd3+,1 mM; arachidonic acid, 100 µM; quinidine, 200 µM; quinine, 100 mM; 4-AP, 10 mM; and TEA, 1 mM) did not affect acid responses. The expression of 2-pore domain channels and our pharmacological characterization suggest that a matrix of ion channels, including one or more acid-sensitive 2-pore domain K channels, could play a role in sour taste transduction. However, our results do not unambiguously identify any one channel as the acid taste transducer.




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