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J Neurophysiol (May 21, 2003). doi:10.1152/jn.00288.2003
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00288.2003v1
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Submitted on March 25, 2003
Accepted on May 19, 2003

PACAP is Present in the Olfactory System and Evokes Calcium Transients in Olfactory Receptor Neurons

Colleen C. Hegg1, Edmund Au2, A. J. Roskams2, and Mary T. Lucero1*

1 Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
2 Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mary.lucero{at}m.cc.utah.edu.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), a neuroregulatory peptide, is found in germinative regions of the CNS including olfactory bulb, throughout adulthood. We show that (1) PACAP immunoreactivity is also present in the neonatal mouse and adult mouse and rat olfactory epithelium, (2) PACAP expression pattern differs between neonatal and adult mice (3) PACAP is produced by olfactory ensheathing cells. PACAP may thus be a key factor in the uniquely supportive role of olfactory ensheathing cells in regeneration of neurons from olfactory epithelium and lesioned spinal cord. Using calcium imaging, we demonstrate physiological responses to PACAP in both neonatal and adult ORNs. We propose that PACAP plays an important role in normal turnover of ORNs by providing neurotrophic support during development and regeneration, and neuroprotective support of mature neurons.




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