In clinical conditions high frequency stimulation (HFS) of subthalamic (STN) neurons in Parkinson[[rad]]s disease is empirically applied at 100 Hz or above (130-185 Hz), with pulses of short duration (60-100 µs) and 1-3 mA amplitude. Other parameter values produce no effect or aggravate the symptoms. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic action of HFS, we have compared the effects of different combinations of parameter values delivered by clinical stimulators on the activity of STN neurons recorded in whole-cell patch clamp configuration in slices. We showed that none of the tested combinations of parameters silenced the neurons. Non-therapeutic combinations i.e. low frequency pulses (10-50 Hz), even at large amplitude or width, further excited the STN neurons with respect to their spontaneous activity. In contrast combinations in the therapeutic range (80-185 Hz, 90-200 µs, 500-800 µA) replaced the pre-existing activity by spikes, time-locked to the stimuli and thus presenting a striking regularity. When increasing pulse width or amplitude in this high frequency range, the dual effect was still present but the activity generated became more irregular. We propose that during HFS at clinically relevant parameters, STN neurons behave as stable oscillators entirely driven by the stimulation, giving an average stable STN output that overrides spontaneous activity and introduces high frequency regular spiking in the basal ganglia network.