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J Neurophysiol (July 27, 2005). doi:10.1152/jn.00538.2005
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Submitted on May 23, 2005
Accepted on July 5, 2005

Impairment and Recovery of Postural Control in Rabbits with Spinal Cord Lesions

Vladimir F Lyalka1, Pavel V Zelenin1, Anastasia Karayannidou1, Grigori N Orlovsky1, Sten Grillner1, and Tatiana G Deliagina1*

1 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Tatiana.Deliagina{at}neuro.ki.se.

The aim of this study was to characterize impairment and subsequent recovery of postural control after spinal cord injuries. Experiments were carried out on rabbits with three types of lesion - a dorsal (D), lateral (L), or ventral (V) hemisection (HS) at T12 level. The animals were maintaining equilibrium on a platform periodically tilted in the frontal plane. We assessed the postural limb/trunk configuration from video recordings, and postural reflexes in the hindquarters from kinematical and EMG recordings. We found that for a few days after DHS or LHS, the animals were not able to maintain the dorsal-side-up position of their hindquarters. This ability was then gradually restored, and the dynamic postural reflexes reached the pre-lesion value within 2-3 weeks. By contrast, a VHS almost completely abolished postural reflexes, and they did not recover for at least 7 weeks. The DHS, LHS and VHS caused immediate and slowly compensated changes in the postural limb/trunk configuration, as well as gradually developing changes. After DHS, both hind limbs were placed in an abnormal rostral and medial position. After LHS, the limb on the undamaged side was turned inward and occurred at the abnormal medial position; LHS also caused a gradually developing twisting of the caudal trunk. VHS caused gradually developing extension of the ankle and knee joints. These findings show that ventral spinal pathways are of crucial importance for postural control. When a part of these pathways is spared, postural reflexes can be restored rapidly, but not the postural limb/trunk configuration. Spinal and supraspinal mechanisms responsible for postural deficits and their compensation are discussed.




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