| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA; Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dlee{at}cvs.rochester.edu.
Monkeys were trained in a serial reaction time task to produce hand movements according to changing locations of visual targets. In most trials, targets followed the same sequence repeatedly, whereas in other trials targets were presented in random locations, or switched unpredictably between two alternative sequences. Single-unit activity was recorded from the caudal SMA (SMA-proper). Based on the activity associated with random movement sequences, effects of hand position and movement direction were evaluated. Activity was influenced by the hand position in about 60% of the neurons, and the movement direction influenced the activity of 51% of the neurons. In addition, 37% and 71% of SMA neurons displayed non-stationarity in their activity across successive movements within a given trial and across trials, respectively. Such non-stationarity in the ongoing neural activity and the effects of performance-related variables were evaluated using a regression model and separated from learning-related activity changes. About a third of SMA neurons displayed gradual changes in neural activity related to experience with a movement sequence across trials. Furthermore, about a quarter of SMA neurons showed similar changes within individual trials. When the individual movements included in the frequently repeated movement sequences were introduced unexpectedly, learning-related changes in neural activity were reduced, indicating that many SMA neurons changed their activity in relation to the learning of particular movement sequences. These results suggest that the pattern of neural activity in the cortical network involved in the control of movement sequences can be modified continuously by experience.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  H. Seo, D. J. Barraclough, and D. Lee Lateral Intraparietal Cortex and Reinforcement Learning during a Mixed-Strategy Game J. Neurosci., June 3, 2009; 29(22): 7278 - 7289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Salinas Rank-Order-Selective Neurons Form a Temporal Basis Set for the Generation of Motor Sequences J. Neurosci., April 8, 2009; 29(14): 4369 - 4380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Hatanaka, H. Tokuno, A. Nambu, and M. Takada Transdural Doppler Ultrasonography Monitors Cerebral Blood Flow Changes in Relation to Motor Tasks Cereb Cortex, April 1, 2009; 19(4): 820 - 831. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. K. Berdyyeva and C. R. Olson Monkey Supplementary Eye Field Neurons Signal the Ordinal Position of Both Actions and Objects J. Neurosci., January 21, 2009; 29(3): 591 - 599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Perez, S. Tanaka, S. P. Wise, D. T. Willingham, and L. G. Cohen Time-Specific Contribution of the Supplementary Motor Area to Intermanual Transfer of Procedural Knowledge J. Neurosci., September 24, 2008; 28(39): 9664 - 9669. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Eisner-Janowicz, S. Barbay, E. Hoover, A. M. Stowe, S. B. Frost, E. J. Plautz, and R. J. Nudo Early and Late Changes in the Distal Forelimb Representation of the Supplementary Motor Area After Injury to Frontal Motor Areas in the Squirrel Monkey J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2008; 100(3): 1498 - 1512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-W. Sohn and D. Lee Order-Dependent Modulation of Directional Signals in the Supplementary and Presupplementary Motor Areas J. Neurosci., December 12, 2007; 27(50): 13655 - 13666. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. B. Averbeck and D. Lee Effects of Noise Correlations on Information Encoding and Decoding J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2006; 95(6): 3633 - 3644. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Paz, C. Natan, T. Boraud, H. Bergman, and E. Vaadia Emerging Patterns of Neuronal Responses in Supplementary and Primary Motor Areas during Sensorimotor Adaptation J. Neurosci., November 23, 2005; 25(47): 10941 - 10951. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Hoshi and J. Tanji Differential Roles of Neuronal Activity in the Supplementary and Presupplementary Motor Areas: From Information Retrieval to Motor Planning and Execution J Neurophysiol, December 1, 2004; 92(6): 3482 - 3499. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Lee Behavioral Context and Coherent Oscillations in the Supplementary Motor Area J. Neurosci., May 5, 2004; 24(18): 4453 - 4459. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. B. Averbeck and D. Lee Neural Noise and Movement-Related Codes in the Macaque Supplementary Motor Area J. Neurosci., August 20, 2003; 23(20): 7630 - 7641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Lee Coherent Oscillations in Neuronal Activity of the Supplementary Motor Area during a Visuomotor Task J. Neurosci., July 30, 2003; 23(17): 6798 - 6809. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
