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1 Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: stefano.ferraina{at}uniroma1.it.
For those movements that are directed towards objects located in extrapersonal space, is preliminary that visual inputs are remapped from a retinal coordinate system to a body-centered one. The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) most likely integrates retinal and extraretinal information to determine the egocentric distance of an object located in the three-dimensional (3-D) space. This determination requires both a retinal disparity signal and a parallel estimate of the fixation distance. We recorded from the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) to see if single neurons respond to both vergence angle and retinal disparity and if these two signals are integrated to encode egocentric distance. Monkeys were trained to make saccades to real targets in 3-D space. When both fixation distance and disparity of visual stimuli were varied, the disparity tuning of individual neurons display a fixation distance modulation. We propose that the observed modulation contributes to a spatial coding domain intermediate between retinal and egocentric, because the disparity tuning shifts in a systematic way with changes in fixation distance.
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