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J Neurophysiol (October 20, 2004). doi:10.1152/jn.00743.2004
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Submitted on July 21, 2004
Accepted on October 16, 2004

Blue-Yellow Signals Are Enhanced By Spatiotemporal Luminance Contrast in Macaque V1

Gregory D. Horwitz1*, E. J. Chichilnisky2, and Thomas D. Albright1

1 Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
2 Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: horwitz{at}salk.edu.

We measured the color tuning of a population of S-cone driven V1 neurons in awake, fixating monkeys. Analysis of randomly-chosen color stimuli that were effective in evoking action potentials showed that these neurons received opposite sign input from the S-cones and a combination of L- and M-cones. Surprisingly, these cells also responded to LM-cone contrast irrespective of polarity, a nonlinear sensitivity that was masked by conventional linear analysis methods. Taken together, these observations can be summarized in a nonlinear model that combines nonopponent and opponent signals such that luminance contrast enhances color processing. These findings indicate that important aspects of the cortical representation of color cannot be described by classical linear analysis, and reveal a possible neural correlate of perceptual color-luminance interactions.




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