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J Neurophysiol (October 20, 2004). doi:10.1152/jn.00829.2004
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00829.2004v1
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Submitted on August 13, 2004
Accepted on October 2, 2004

Temporal evolution of oscillations and synchrony in GPi/Muscle pairs in Parkinsons Disease

Jose M. Hurtado1, Leonid L. Rubchinsky1, Karen A. Sigvardt1*, Vicki L. Wheelock1, and Conrad T.E. Pappas1

1 Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kasigvardt{at}ucdavis.edu.

Both standard spectral analysis and time-dependent phase correlation techniques were applied to 27 pairs of tremor-related single units in the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and electromyograms (EMG) of patients with Parkinsons disease (PD) undergoing stereotactic neurosurgery. Over long time-scales (~60 sec), GPi tremor-related units are statistically coherent with restricted regions of the peripheral musculature displaying tremor. The distribution of pooled coherence across all pairs supports a classification of GPi cell/EMG oscillatory pairs into coherent or non-coherent. Analysis using ~2 sec sliding windows shows that oscillatory activity in both GPi tremor units and muscles occurs intermittently over time. For brain/muscle pairs that are coherent, there is partial overlap in the times of oscillatory activity, but in most cases no significant correlation between the times of oscillatory sub-episodes in the two signals. Phase locking between coherent pairs occurs transiently; however the phase delay is similar for different phase locking sub-episodes. Non-coherent pairs also show episodes of transient phase locking but they occur less frequently and no preferred phase delay was seen across sub-episodes. Tremor oscillations in pallidum and EMGs are punctuated by phase slips, which were classified as synchronizing or desynchronizing depending on their effect on phase locking. In coherent pairs the incidence of synchronizing slips is higher than desynchronizing slips, whereas no significant difference was seen for non-coherent pairs. The results of this quantitative characterization of parkinsonian tremor provide a foundation for hypotheses about the structure and dynamical functioning of basal ganglia motor control networks involved in tremor generation.




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