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* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: martin.schmelz{at}anaes.ma.uni-heidelberg.de.
Vaso-neuroactive substances were applied through intradermal microdialysis membranes and characterized as itch- or pain-inducing in psychophysical experiments. Histamine always provoked itch and rarely pain, capsaicin always pain but never itch. Prostaglandin E2 evoked moderate itch and some pain, whereas serotonin, acetylcholine and bradykinin induced pain more often than itch. Subsequently the same substances were used in microneurography experiments to characterize the sensitivity profile of human cutaneous C-nociceptors. The responses of 89 mechano-responsive (CMH, polymodal nociceptors), 52 mechano-insensitive, histamine negative (CMiHis-), and 24 mechano-insensitive, histamine positive (CMiHis+) units were compared. CMiHis+ units were most responsive to histamine and to PgE2 and less to serotonin, ACh, bradykinin and capsaicin. CMH units (polymodal nociceptors) and CMiHis- units showed significantly weaker responses to histamine, PgE2 and acetylcholine. Capsaicin and bradykinin responses were not significantly different in the two classes of mechano-insensitive units. We conclude that CMiHis+ units are "selective", but not "specific" for pruritogenic substances and that the pruritic potency of a mediator increases with its ability to activate CMiHis+ units, but decreases with activation of CMH and CMiHis- units.
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