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1 Neurophysiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology RAS, 117865 Moscow, Russian Federation
2 Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology RAS, 117865 Moscow, Russian Federation
3 Neurophysiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology RAS, 117865 Moscow, Russian Federation; Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technical University of Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany
4 Neurophysiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: maxim{at}neurop.ruhr-uni-bochum.de.
The probability of transmitter release at synaptic terminals is one of the key characteristics of communication between nerve cells, since it determines both the strength and dynamic properties of synaptic connections. To assess the distribution of the release probabilities at excitatory synapses on supragranular pyramidal cells in rat visual cortex, we have used the MK-801, a blocker of the open NMDA-receptor gated channels. With this method, the release probability can be calculated from the time course of the blockade of NMDA-receptor mediated postsynaptic currents in the presence of MK-801. At temperatures above 32°C, the distribution of release probabilities covered the range from 0.05 to 0.43 (mean 0.171 ± 0.012, n=65), being skewed towards low values. When estimated at room temperature (22°-25°C), the release probabilities were significantly lower (mean 0.123 ± 0.009, n=54), and almost the whole distribution was restricted to values below 0.2. Furthermore, warming from room temperature to above 32°C led to a pronounced overshooting increase of the release probability. Taken together, the results of the present study show that (i) release probabilities at synapses formed onto layer 2/3 pyramidal cells in the visual cortex vary significantly, but values above 0.3 are rare and (ii) the results obtained either at room or variable temperature differ significantly from those made under conditions of constant temperature in the physiological range.
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