In a previous study we characterized the gustatory system of a New World monkey the common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus jacchus, with electrophysiological technique by recording from taste fibers of the chorda tympani proper (CT) and glossopharyngeal (NG) nerves. Hierarchical cluster analyses identified three clusters of taste fibers: S fibers, responding predominantly to sweeteners, Q fibers, responding predominantly to bitter stimuli, and H fibers, responding predominantly to acids. In this study we employed two behavioral techniques, the two-bottle preference (TBP) and conditioned taste aversion (CTA) method, to study the taste of the compounds used in the previous electrophysiological study. The results showed that compounds that did not stimulate any taste fibers were neither preferred nor rejected. Compounds that activated only S fibers were always preferred over water. When aversion to sucrose was created by the CTA method, these compounds were rejected. Compounds that activated Q fibers were rejected and consumed less than water. We studied the relationship between intake and Net response from S and Q fibers in the CT and NG nerves. Intake was measured as preference ratios in TBP tests. The Net response was defined as: (S_CT+S_NG) - (Q_CT+Q_NG), where S_CT+S_NG denotes the sum of the responses in S fibers of the CT and NG nerves. Similarly Q_CT+Q_NG represents the sum of the responses in Q fibers of the CT and NG nerves. The relationship between intake and the Net response was linear with a Pearson correlation coefficient 0.85. This analysis supports our hypothesis that intake is influenced by S and Q fibers, where S fibers serve as a hedonically positive input and Q fibers as a hedonically negative input.