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1 Synaptic Physiology Unit, NIH/NINDS, Bethesda, MD, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: j-singer{at}northwestern.edu.
We estimated the size of the readily-releasable pool (RRP) of vesicles at a ribbon synapse in the rat retina by making paired voltage-clamp recordings from presynaptic rod bipolar cells (RBCs) and postsynaptic AII amacrine cells in an in vitro retinal slice preparation. The RRP at each active zone was estimated to comprise 7 vesicles, in the range of estimated RRP sizes at conventional synapses. During sustained presynaptic Ca2+ entry, the RRP could be released with a time constant of approximately 4 ms. This ribbon synapse exhibited pronounced paired-pulse depression (PPD), which was attributable primarily to vesicle depletion. Recovery from PPD was slow (
4 s) but could be accelerated by increasing the duration of the depressing stimulus. The small RRP and very high release probability likely contribute to the transient characteristics of neurotransmission at RBC synapses.
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