| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5230; 2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5230
Submitted 14 June 2003; accepted in final form 8 August 2003
Genetically encoded calcium indicators, such as cameleon, have offered the promise of noninvasively monitoring activity of neurons, but no one has demonstrated whether these indicators can report calcium transients in neurons of behaving vertebrates. We show that cameleon can be expressed at high levels in sensory and spinal cord neurons in zebrafish by using neural-specific promoters in both transient expression experiments and in a stable transgenic line. Using standard confocal microscopy, calcium transients in identified motoneurons and spinal interneurons could be detected during escape behaviors produced by a touch on the head of the fish. Small movements of the restrained fish during the behavior did not represent a major problem for analyzing the calcium responses because of the ratiometric nature of cameleon. We conclude that cameleon can be used to noninvasively study the activity of neurons in an intact, behaving vertebrate. The ability to introduce an indicator genetically allows for studies of the functional roles of local interneurons that cannot easily be monitored with other approaches. Transgenic lines such as the one we generated can also be crossed into mutant lines of fish to study both structural and functional consequences of the mutations.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Y. Kimura, C. Satou, and S.-i. Higashijima V2a and V2b neurons are generated by the final divisions of pair-producing progenitors in the zebrafish spinal cord Development, September 15, 2008; 135(18): 3001 - 3005. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Hendel, M. Mank, B. Schnell, O. Griesbeck, A. Borst, and D. F. Reiff Fluorescence Changes of Genetic Calcium Indicators and OGB-1 Correlated with Neural Activity and Calcium In Vivo and In Vitro J. Neurosci., July 16, 2008; 28(29): 7399 - 7411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. R. Fetcho Imaging Neuronal Activity with Calcium Indicators in Larval Zebrafish CSH Protocols, July 1, 2007; 2007(16): pdb.prot4781 - pdb.prot4781. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Clark, C. V. Gabel, H. Gabel, and A. D. T. Samuel Temporal Activity Patterns in Thermosensory Neurons of Freely Moving Caenorhabditis elegans Encode Spatial Thermal Gradients J. Neurosci., June 6, 2007; 27(23): 6083 - 6090. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. I. Kotlikoff Genetically encoded Ca2+ indicators: using genetics and molecular design to understand complex physiology J. Physiol., January 1, 2007; 578(1): 55 - 67. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Prober, J. Rihel, A. A. Onah, R.-J. Sung, and A. F. Schier Hypocretin/Orexin Overexpression Induces An Insomnia-Like Phenotype in Zebrafish J. Neurosci., December 20, 2006; 26(51): 13400 - 13410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. N. Tallini, M. Ohkura, B.-R. Choi, G. Ji, K. Imoto, R. Doran, J. Lee, P. Plan, J. Wilson, H.-B. Xin, et al. Imaging cellular signals in the heart in vivo: Cardiac expression of the high-signal Ca2+ indicator GCaMP2 PNAS, March 21, 2006; 103(12): 4753 - 4758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Faumont and S. R. Lockery The Awake Behaving Worm: Simultaneous Imaging of Neuronal Activity and Behavior in Intact Animals at Millimeter Scale J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2006; 95(3): 1976 - 1981. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Mank, D. F. Reiff, N. Heim, M. W. Friedrich, A. Borst, and O. Griesbeck A FRET-Based Calcium Biosensor with Fast Signal Kinetics and High Fluorescence Change Biophys. J., March 1, 2006; 90(5): 1790 - 1796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. W. Cui, S. E. Low, H. Hirata, L. Saint-Amant, R. Geisler, R. I. Hume, and J. Y. Kuwada The Zebrafish shocked Gene Encodes a Glycine Transporter and Is Essential for the Function of Early Neural Circuits in the CNS J. Neurosci., July 13, 2005; 25(28): 6610 - 6620. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Li, J. A. Mack, M. Souren, E. Yaksi, S.-i. Higashijima, M. Mione, J. R. Fetcho, and R. W. Friedrich Early Development of Functional Spatial Maps in the Zebrafish Olfactory Bulb J. Neurosci., June 15, 2005; 25(24): 5784 - 5795. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Masino and J. R. Fetcho Fictive Swimming Motor Patterns in Wild Type and Mutant Larval Zebrafish J Neurophysiol, June 1, 2005; 93(6): 3177 - 3188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. W. Cui, L. Saint-Amant, and J. Y. Kuwada shocked Gene Is Required for the Function of a Premotor Network in the Zebrafish CNS J Neurophysiol, November 1, 2004; 92(5): 2898 - 2908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. A. Pologruto, R. Yasuda, and K. Svoboda Monitoring Neural Activity and [Ca2+] with Genetically Encoded Ca2+ Indicators J. Neurosci., October 27, 2004; 24(43): 9572 - 9579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Hara, V. Bindokas, J. P. Lopez, K. Kaihara, L. R. Landa Jr., M. Harbeck, and M. W. Roe Imaging endoplasmic reticulum calcium with a fluorescent biosensor in transgenic mice Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, October 1, 2004; 287(4): C932 - C938. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Rudolf, M. Mongillo, P. J. Magalhaes, and T. Pozzan In vivo monitoring of Ca2+ uptake into mitochondria of mouse skeletal muscle during contraction J. Cell Biol., August 16, 2004; 166(4): 527 - 536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Beierlein, K. R. Gee, V. V. Martin, and W. G. Regehr Presynaptic Calcium Measurements at Physiological Temperatures Using a New Class of Dextran-Conjugated Indicators J Neurophysiol, July 1, 2004; 92(1): 591 - 599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-i. Higashijima, M. A. Masino, G. Mandel, and J. R. Fetcho Engrailed-1 Expression Marks a Primitive Class of Inhibitory Spinal Interneuron J. Neurosci., June 23, 2004; 24(25): 5827 - 5839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. R. Fetcho and S.-i. Higashijima Optical and Genetic Approaches Toward Understanding Neuronal Circuits in Zebrafish Integr. Comp. Biol., February 1, 2004; 44(1): 57 - 70. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
