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Involvement of the Ryanodine Receptor in Morphologic Modification of Hermissenda Type B Photoreceptors After In Vitro Conditioning

Laboratory of Neurobiological Engineering, Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of High-Technology for Human Welfare, Tokai University, Numazu 410-0321, Shizuoka, Japan

Submitted 5 August 2003; accepted in final form 6 October 2003

We examined whether Ca²⁺ induced Ca²⁺ release through ryanodine receptors is involved in the conditioning of specific morphologic changes at the axon terminals of type B photoreceptors in the isolated circumesophageal ganglion of Hermissenda. Calcium chelation by bis(2-aminophenoxy) ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid prevented the conformational change at the terminals after five paired presentations of light and vibration, which produce terminal branch contraction of B photoreceptors. Two ryanodine receptor blockers, dantrolene and micromolar concentrations of ryanodine, depressed the increase in excitability due to in vitro conditioning and the increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ in response to membrane depolarization. Although the ability to increase intracellular Ca²⁺ was depressed, synaptic transmission was preserved in the normal state from hair cells under dantrolene and ryanodine incubation. Ryanodine receptor blockers also prevented contraction at the B photoreceptor axon terminals. These results suggest that the ryanodine receptor has a crucial role in inducing the in vitro conditioning specific changes both physiologically and morphologically, including "focusing" at the B photoreceptor axon terminal.

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