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Effects of Temperature on Calcium Transients and Ca²⁺-Dependent Afterhyperpolarizations in Neocortical Pyramidal Neurons

Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee

Submitted 27 September 2004; accepted in final form 15 November 2004

In neocortical pyramidal neurons, the medium (mAHP) and slow AHP (sAHP) have different relationships with intracellular [Ca²⁺]. To further explore these differences, we varied bath temperature and compared passive and active membrane properties and Ca²⁺ transients in response to a single action potential (AP) or trains of APs. We tested whether Ca²⁺-dependent events are more temperature sensitive than voltage-dependent ones, the slow rise time of the sAHP is limited by diffusion, and temperature sensitivity differs between the mAHP and sAHP. The onset and decay kinetics of the sAHP were very temperature sensitive (more so than diffusion). We found that the decay time course of Ca²⁺ transients was also very temperature sensitive. In contrast, the mAHP (amplitude, time to peak, and exponential decay) and sAHP peak amplitude were moderately sensitive to temperature. The amplitudes of intracellular Ca²⁺ transients evoked either by a single spike or a train of spikes showed modest temperature sensitivities. Pyramidal neuron input resistance was increased by cooling. With the exception of threshold, which remained unchanged between 22 and 35°C, action potential parameters (amplitude, half-width, maximum rates of rise and fall) were modestly affected by temperature. Collectively, these data suggest that temperature sensitivity was higher for the Ca²⁺-dependent sAHP than for voltage-dependent AP parameters or for the mAHP, diffusion of Ca²⁺ over distance cannot explain the slow rise of the sAHP in these cells, and the kinetics of the sAHP and mAHP are affected differently by temperature.

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