HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 94/5/3092    most recent 00048.2005v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (9) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Kimpo, R. R. Articles by Raymond, J. L. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Kimpo, R. R. Articles by Raymond, J. L.

Distinct Patterns of Stimulus Generalization of Increases and Decreases in VOR Gain

Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California

Submitted 14 January 2005; accepted in final form 15 July 2005

Motor learning must be capable of increasing or decreasing the amplitude of movements to meet the demands of the environment. One way to implement such opposite learned changes would be to store them with bidirectional plasticity mechanisms (i.e., long-term potentiation and depression at the same synapses). At the behavioral level, this scheme should result in similar patterns of stimulus generalization of increases and decreases in movement amplitude because the same synapses would be modified but in opposite directions. To test this idea, we quantitatively compared the stimulus generalization of learned increases and decreases in the gain (amplitude) of the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) in mice and in monkeys. When examined across different sinusoidal frequencies of head rotation, decreases in VOR gain generalized more than increases in gain. This difference was apparent not only in the gain, but also the phase (timing) of the VOR. Furthermore, this difference held when animals were trained with high-frequency rotational stimuli, a manipulation that enhances frequency generalization. Our results suggest that increases and decreases in VOR gain are not exact inverses at the circuit level. At one or more sites, the plasticity mechanisms supporting decreases in VOR gain must be less synapse-specific, or affect neurons more broadly tuned for head rotation frequency, than the mechanisms supporting increases in gain.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Panouilleres, T. Weiss, C. Urquizar, R. Salemme, D. P. Munoz, and D. Pelisson Behavioral Evidence of Separate Adaptation Mechanisms Controlling Saccade Amplitude Lengthening and Shortening J Neurophysiol, March 1, 2009; 101(3): 1550 - 1559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Z. Wetmore, E. A. Mukamel, and M. J. Schnitzer Lock-and-Key Mechanisms of Cerebellar Memory Recall Based on Rebound Currents J Neurophysiol, October 1, 2008; 100(4): 2328 - 2347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Beraneck and K. E. Cullen Activity of Vestibular Nuclei Neurons During Vestibular and Optokinetic Stimulation in the Alert Mouse J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2007; 98(3): 1549 - 1565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. R. Kimpo and J. L. Raymond Impaired Motor Learning in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex in Mice with Multiple Climbing Fiber Input to Cerebellar Purkinje Cells J. Neurosci., May 23, 2007; 27(21): 5672 - 5682. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Katoh, J. A. Jindal, and J. L. Raymond Motor Deficits in Homozygous and Heterozygous P/Q-Type Calcium Channel Mutants J Neurophysiol, February 1, 2007; 97(2): 1280 - 1287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]