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Heschl's Gyrus, Posterior Superior Temporal Gyrus, and Mid-Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Have Different Roles in the Detection of Acoustic Changes

¹Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology, ²Helsinki Brain Research Centre, and ³Neuroscience Unit, Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; and ⁴Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; and ⁵Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland

Submitted 10 October 2006; accepted in final form 20 December 2006

A part of the auditory system automatically detects changes in the acoustic environment. This preattentional process has been studied extensively, yet its cerebral origins have not been determined with sufficient accuracy to allow comparison to established anatomical and functional parcellations. Here we used event-related functional MRI and EEG in a parametric experimental design to determine the cortical areas in individual brains that participate in the detection of acoustic changes. Our results suggest that automatic change processing consists of at least three stages: initial detection in the primary auditory cortex, detailed analysis in the posterior superior temporal gyrus and planum temporale, and judgment of sufficient novelty for the allocation of attentional resources in the mid-ventrolateral prefrontal cortex.

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